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1. Let’s talk about sex: A qualitative study of Rwandan adolescents’ views on sex and HIV

   Objective: This qualitative study explored the views and experiences of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV in Kigali, Rwanda, regarding sex, love, marriage, children and hope for the future. Design: The study enrolled 42 adolescents who had received combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months, and a selection of their primary caregivers. Study methods included 3 multiple day workshops consisting of role-playing and focus group discussions (FGDs) with adolescents, 8 in-depth interviews with adolescents, and one FGD with caregivers. …

2. Education, HIV, and early fertility: experimental evidence from Kenya

   We provide experimental evidence on the relationships between education, HIV/AIDS education, risky behavior and early fertility in Kenya. We exploit randomly assigned variation in the cost of schooling and in exposure to the national HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum for a cohort of over 19,000 adolescents in Western Kenya, originally aged 13.5 on average. We collected data on the schooling, marriage, and fertility out-comes of these students over 7 years, and tested them for HIV and Herpes (HSV2) after 7 years. …

3. Expanding access to comprehensive reproductive health and HIV information and services for married adolescent girls in Nyanza Province

   Nyanza Province has been a focus of heightened attention in Kenya since the advent of the country’s HIV epidemic. …

4. Policy and institutional frameworks: mainstreaming adolescent reproductive health (ARH) and gender in HIV/AIDS programs: examples from Ethiopia and Uganda

   This document is divided into six parts (Part I-VI). Part I covers (a) the study background including objectives, methodologies and activities; and (b) an overview of the HIV situation among young people and adolescents in the Africa region. Part II and III present key findings from Ethiopia and Uganda, including a review of policies and the institutional environment in both countries in regards to gender, youth, ARH and HIV/AIDS. Part IV includes key findings of six country assessments of youth issues in the Multi-Sector Programs on HIV/AIDS of the World Bank. …

5. In the absence of marriage: long-term concurrent partnerships, pregnancy, and HIV risk dynamics among South African young adults

   In KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa, where HIV prevalence is among the world's highest, a longitudinal qualitative study of partnership dynamics and HIV preventive behaviors was conducted. 47 young adults aged 18-24 participated in in-depth interviews, and 29 were re-interviewed 2 years later. Five analytical domains emerged: primary partnerships, love and romance; secondary partnerships; pregnancy/parenthood; condom use/prevention; and contextual influences, including schooling and future aspirations. …

6. It works! Communication for HIV prevention and social change in adolescents: a mid-term review

   Straight Talk Foundation (STF) has worked for 15 years to better the lives of Ugandan adolescents. Its focus has been HIV prevention and improved adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH). STF's approach builds on the voices and stories of young people, parents, teachers and health workers to create "conversations" and generate solutions. STF works through three channels: radio, print and face-to-face communication. In 2005, STF drew up a five year Strategic Plan (SP) for 2006-2010. …