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Project activities focused around the XVII International AIDS Conference (IAC) and a pre-conference symposium on children and HIV, both held in Mexico City from 1-8 August 2008. In the period leading up to these events, HealthDev.net, a dialogue and social networking platform, hosted online discussions on this theme. The two-day pre-conference symposium, "Children & HIV/AIDS: Action Now, Action How" provided a forum for information sharing, collaboration and networking in order to strengthen the response to children's needs. …
Ensuring social protection for vulnerable people is a goal of MKUKUTA (the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty) in Tanzania, and children are commonly considered to be among the most vulnerable. REPOA has been involved in analytic work on the vulnerability of children, in part to provide evidence for Government's efforts to develop a national framework for social protection. This special paper synthesises the analysis and draws some conclusions based on this and closely related work.
This report is aimed at providing an overview of the situation of children in South Africa, with a focus on the nonfulfilment and violation of children's rights as formulated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The assessment utilises evidence drawn from available literature and interviews with key actors in the South African child rights arena. Based on the opinions of these key respondents, the report provides an overview of key role players in the field, followed by suggestions for possible areas for intervention by international aid agencies. …
Increasing adult mortality due to AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa raises considerable concerns about the welfare of surviving children. Studies have found substantial variability across countries in the negative impacts of orphanhood on child health and education. One hypothesis for this variability is the resilience of the extended family network in some countries to care for orphans - networks under increasing pressure by the sheer number of orphans in many settings. …
This report provides a summary of key findings from evaluations of four programs, two in Kenya and two in Tanzania, supporting orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC). The overall aim of these evaluations was to ascertain the extent to which program interventions are effective in improving the well-being of OVC and their families, and the interventions' cost-effectiveness in achieving key outcomes. This report focuses on the overarching outcomes, emerging issues, and lessons learned from these evaluation studies of OVC programs. …
In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 12 million children aged 17 and younger have lost one or both parents mainly due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In addition, several million other children live with chronically ill and dying parents or caregiver, and others are living with HIV/AIDS themselves. These situations have exposed children to various life threats including dire household poverty, hunger, stigma and discrimination, abuse, and psychological problems. …
This publication looks at children who are vulnerable to HIV infection, providing services to mitigate this vulnerability and to assist those who have already acquired HIV. To explore this, the authors spoke to more than 1,000 children and adolescents aged 8 to 20 years living in communities severely affected by war and displacement, child trafficking, or high HIV mortality - communities in which the social safety net had been severely disrupted. …
This research suggests that stigma and discrimination can exacerbate the material and psychological problems children already face in context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This paper reviews the literature on HIV/AIDS, children and stigma to interrogate the following questions: What is the evidence that HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination directly affects children, both materially and psychologically? How does HIV/AIDS-related stigma impact materially and psychologically, on adult caregivers and household structures supporting children affected by HIV/AIDS? …
This report examines sexuality and children's rights in relation to the HIV epidemic in selected countries of Africa. The study is grounded in the principle laid down in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. The report summarizes literature on children's perspectives and opinions on the issue of sexuality and related concerns. It shows that some of the policies and programmes directed toward children are using messages that do not correspond to children's reality. …
This document was published by the Child-to-Child Trust in 2005. This book advocates and aims to strengthen the provision of good quality health education for all children. This document consists of 3 parts : Part 1 : "Children as partners"; part 2 "Children's action"; part 3: "Facts for life: Prime messages and supporting information". The book is illustrated with examples of inspiring work being done across the world by educators and health workers dedicated to improving the lives of children and their families. The book is designed for teacher and health workers. …
This report seeks to describe the current situation of the HIV epidemic, the key challenges faced by adolescents and young people, and the actions that UNICEF is taking to respond in each region.
In 2007, a nine-country study in East and Southern Africa was commissioned to map involvement and define roles and responsibilities of civil society in expanded national AIDS responses to orphans and children made vulnerable by AIDS. Getting in Line analyses these country studies and provides recommendations to increase engagement between civil society, external agencies and government and assist their alignment with the vision, principles and strategies contained in national plans of action.
The Joint Learning Initiative on Children and HIV/AIDS (JLICA) is an independent, time-limited alliance of researchers, implementers, activists, policy-makers, and people living with HIV. Its goal is to improve the well-being of children, families, and communities affected by HIV and AIDS by producing actionable, evidence-based recommendations for policy and practice. …
The UNICEF South Africa Annual Report 2007 highlights UNICEF's work in South Africa. It summarizes some of the important results achieved for children in 2007 and highlights what still needs to be done.
This study addresses one of the greatest challenges of our time: the damage caused by HIV and AIDS to the well-being of children and families. With 38.6 million people affected by HIV in 2006, with HIV prevalence at antenatal clinics exceeding 40 per cent in areas of Botswana and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with nationwide adult prevalence in excess of the critical threshold of 20 per cent in several countries, and with the prospect of a rapid spread of the disease in large swathes of India, China and Russian Federation, the future of child well-being is seriously threatened. …
