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BACKGROUND: Over a third of new HIV infections globally are among 15-24 year-olds and over 20% among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Asia Pacific. The review was initiated to identify interventions in the region with demonstrated or potential impact for adolescent and young key populations (YKP) looking at the role of individual and structural factors in accessibility and delivery. The review is a component of a more comprehensive review undertaken by UNICEF and partners in the region. METHODS:This was a desk review of over 1000 articles, and 37 were selected. …
This evaluation was performed to: Determine the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS programs for targeted beneficiaries; Document the degree to which program objectives have been met; Provide information about service delivery that will be useful to program staff and other audiences; Enable program staff to make changes to improve program effectiveness. …
This paper reviews 83 studies that measure the impact of curriculum-based sex and HIV education programs on sexual behavior and mediating factors among youth under 25 years anywhere in the world. Two thirds of the programs significantly improved one or more sexual behaviors. The evidence is strong that programs do not hasten or increase sexual behavior but, instead, some programs delay or decrease sexual behaviors or increase condom or contraceptive use. …
Since 1996, Ireland Aid has supported UNICEF Ghana in the implementation of five activities that promote behaviour change to limit the spread of HIV/AIDS and STIs. The interventions are run by different local organisations, and have provided over 75,000 in and out-of-school youth and commercial sex workers with preventive education. People retained the information given, are knowledgeable about how HIV is transmitted, and can name key preventive methods. They pass on the information to their friends. Commercial sex workers were empowered to support one another in negotiating for safer sex. …
The ability of specific behaviour-change interventions to reduce HIV infection in young people remains questionable. Since January 1999, an adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) intervention has been implemented in ten randomly chosen intervention communities in rural Tanzania, within a community randomised trial (see below; NCT00248469). The intervention consisted of teacher-led, peer-assisted in-school education, youth-friendly health services, community activities, and youth condom promotion and distribution. …
While the HIV epidemic is levelling off in sub-Saharan Africa, it remains at an unacceptably high level. Young people aged 15-24 years remain particularly vulnerable, resulting in a regional HIV prevalence of 1.4% in young men and 3.3% in young women. This study assesses the effectiveness of a peer-led HIV prevention intervention in secondary schools in Rwanda on young people’s sexual behavior, HIV knowledge and attitudes. In a non-randomized longitudinal controlled trial, fourteen schools were selected in two neighboring districts in Rwanda Bugesera (intervention) and Rwamagana (control). …
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health education initiatives to increase knowledge and improve attitudes and behaviors in response to rising HIV incidence. In this study, 223 students who received comprehensive health education were compared to 217 control group students who did not receive this education. …
This report presents findings from a study of sexual and reproductive health status of inschool and out-of-school adolescents in Dodowa, Ghana, carried out in 2001. The research aim was to help design a program to address adolescents' unmet needs and promote safer behaviours. The research design used both qualitative and quantitative methods, including focus group discussions, PLA techniques and surveys. Students of Junior and Senior Secondary Schools, out-of-school adolescents, teachers, parents and community opinion leaders were included in the study.
The report presents findings from the second round of the Cambodian Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS) completed in June 1998 as well as some important differences in the levels of reported behaviour from the BSSI (1997) to the BSS II (1998). The BSSII was conducted in the provinces in Cambodia to track sexual behaviour changes in Cambodia.
This survey was designed to shed light on how South African youth view their lives today and what they think about their futures, with a particular focus on HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour. The survey also provides some data on South African young people's awareness of loveLife - South Africa's national HIV/AIDS prevention programme for youth.In addition parents and guardians were also surveyed about their views and experiences related to open communication about sexuality.
This research was conducted using both the quantitative and qualitative approaches in order to assess comprehensively, the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary school teachers, student teachers, and other stakeholders in the education system with regard to life skills, gender, sexuality, and HIV/AIDS. The purpose was to provide adequate information to guide the introduction of an HIV/AIDS and life skills programme in primary schools and teachers training colleges. …
