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Is HIV education based on the principles of gender equality possible in practice? If so, can it make a difference to gender relations in a society? This chapter considers these questions through reflection on two gender-based HIV education interventions in South Africa and Mozambique, which took place between 2001 and 2003.
La prévention du VIH/sida fait partie des programmes de biologie de collège et lycée en France et au Congo. L’enseignant doit transmettre des connaissances scientifiques et amener les élèves à l’adoption volontaire de certains comportements. Ce qui le conduit à assurer un rôle d’acteur de prévention. Comment l’enseignant perçoit-il ce nouveau rôle, quels objectifs se fixe-t-il et quelles méthodes pédagogiques envisage-t-il ? …
A 14-item human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome knowledge scale was used among school students in 80 schools in 3 sites in Sub-Saharan Africa (Cape Town and Mankweng, South Africa, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania). For each item, an incorrect or don't know response was coded as 0 and correct response as 1. Exploratory factor analyses based on polychoric correlations showed two separate factors for all sites. …
Cette étude descriptive, transversale, à passage unique a été menée pendant le mois de Décembre 2009 dans le collège Tieba Traoré et le lycée Monseigneur De Monclo de la commune urbaine de Sikasso. Le choix de Sikasso a été motivé par le fait qu'il est le chef lieu de la 3ème région administrative du Mali, frontalière avec le Burkina Faso, la Côte d'Ivoire et la Guinée ; ce qui fait de Sikasso, une ville cosmopolite où toutes les ethnies du pays et d'autres pays de la sous région se côtoient. …
The aim of this research is to establish the factors influencing the implementation of the Ministry of Education HIV/AIDS workplace programme in Zambia in order to provide guidelines to make it sustainable. This study is important to identify why the implementation of the workplace Programme has been difficult. This research was based on document analysis, direct observations and the use of semi structured interviews with key staff involved with the implementation of the workplace programme. …
Aims: This article reports on the development and psychometric properties of an instrument to evaluate school-based HIV/ AIDS interventions aimed at adolescents in three African sites. Methods: The instrument was developed in a series of steps that involved a review of existing instruments; use of empirical data and secondary literature supporting an association between the variables of interest and sexual intercourse or condom use; operationalizing the constructs of the theoretical model employed; and using the objectives of the intervention. …
Effective sexuality and HIV/AIDS education programmes are needed to protect young people against HIV/AIDS and teenage pregnancy in Tanzania and other Sub-Saharan African countries. Using a theory- and evidence-based approach and adapting the programmes to local contexts, increases the effectiveness of these programmes. This paper describes and discusses the challenges and opportunities concerning the application of Intervention Mapping (IM) in the development and implementation of a sexuality and HIV/AIDS education programme targeting young people aged 12-14 in Tanzania. …
Horizons, in cooperation with local stakeholders and the Mpumalanga Department of Education, is conducting a study to explore the feasibility and acceptability of the integration of a life skills curriculum centered around sexual abstinence and faithfulness into the Department of Education's Life Orientation Program for learners in grades 6 and 7 (aged 10-14) in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa.
Increasing the salience of schooling in countering the AIDS epidemic suggests the need to confront many of the challenges posed by current education and school systems. The author considers these and proposes the ideal of schools that have been transformed into multipurpose development and welfare institutions that cater, among other things, for both formal and non-formal educational provision. …
This study of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector was part of a three country study (Uganda, Malawi and Botswana) and had three broad aims: To assess the strategies being used to educate students about HIV/AIDS in schools To assess the impact on students as orphans, caregivers and those infected with HIV. To assess the impact on teachers as educators and employees.
This case study utilized qualitative and quantitative methods to examine how gender, power and HIV/AIDS merge to create situations of risk and vulnerability for young people in the Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania. Questionnaires were collected from 160 secondary school students, while qualitative data came from 3 focus group discussions (one mixed and two single sex), interviews with one male and one female parent, one male and one female teacher, and an educational representative, in addition to observation. …
Background: The HIV/AIDS epidemic remains of global significance and there is a need to target (a) the adolescent age-groups in which most new infections occur; and (b) sub-Saharan Africa where the greatest burden of the epidemic lies. A focused systematic review of school-based sexual health interventions in sub-Saharan Africa to prevent HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in this age group was therefore conducted. Methods: Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, Cinahl and PsychINFO according to agreed a priori criteria for studies published between 1986 and 2006. …
As national education programs incorporate HIV prevention into school curricula, policymakers and educators need to know what they can expect from these initiatives. …
This paper describes the evolution of school-based HIV prevention programmes and their theoretical frameworks, as well as present barriers to their implementation. Examples of several best practices will highlight the key role of the education sector in mitigating the impact of HIV/AIDS. The paper concludes with an innovative suggestion for the establishment of a new profession: the AIDS educator.
This study of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector was part of a three country study (Uganda, Malawi and Botswana) and had three broad aims: To assess the strategies being used to educate students about HIV/AIDS in schools; To assess the impact on students as orphans, caregivers and those infected with HIV; To assess the impact on teachers as educators and employees.
