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The global trend towards smaller families is a reflection of people making reproductive choices to have as few or as many children as they want, when they want. When people lack choice, it can have a long-term impact on fertility rates, often making them higher or lower than what most people desire.
Gender and sexuality have long been recognised as key factors affecting the dynamics of the HIV epidemic. Issues vary across communities and countries, but power imbalances, harmful social norms, violence and marginalisation affect women, men, girls, boys and transgender people across the world, limiting their ability to prevent HIV infection. There are a growing number of HIV and broader health initiatives that not only highlight gender issues, but also aim to change harmful norms and practices. These are called "gender-transformative" approaches. …
Drawing on the analysis of more than 100 key informant interviews as well as 100 global survey responses, this report is an effort to better understand where and in what ways women, particularly those most affected by the epidemic, are participating in the response; the opportunities for and challenges to their participation; and strategies that can be implemented and steps taken to advance their full and meaningful participation at all levels in order to ensure that the response to HIV and AIDS reflects women's priorities and needs. …
"Partnering" shows how a global consensus is emerging on how to scale up successful programmes that involve men without diverting scarce resources from women's health. In fact, men are more and more taking ownership of mobilization and advocacy for the emergence of a more gender equitable young man.
