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1. HIV infection and sexual risk behaviour among youth who have experienced orphanhood: systematic review and meta-analysis

   Background: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and HIV risk in studies of youth aged 24 years and younger. Methods: Using systematic review methodology, we identified 10 studies reporting data from 12 countries comparing orphaned and non-orphaned youth on HIV-related risk indicators, including HIV serostatus, other sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy and sexual behaviours. …

2. Mainstreaming HIV within an education programme : a case study from concern Mozambique

   This case study is based on in-depth qualitative research conducted over six months by Concern Worldwide in the central province of Manica. It looks at how Concern Mozambique has addressed issues related to HIV and AIDS within its education programme. Specifically it outlines how school councils can help create a safer and more supportive environment particularly for girls using a methodology called Circles of Support. …

3. Orphans and vulnerable children and national development instruments: lessons learnt for successful integration

   The paper examines the degree to which orphans and other vulnerable children is addressed in national development instruments in eastern and southern Africa, assuming that integration brings tangible benefits for orphans and vulnerable children. …

4. National plans of action for orphans and vulnerable children in sub-Saharan Africa. Where are the youngest children?

   In 2005, an estimated 48 million children aged 0-18 years, that is to say 12 percent of all children in sub-Saharan Africa, were orphans, and that number is expected to rise to 53 million by 2010. One quarter of all orphans are orphaned because of AIDS, and about 2.6 million children are currently infected with HIV. In response to the general awareness of the increasing number of these children, a global initiative to develop national plans of action (NPAs) for these orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs), or children affected by HIV and AIDS, has been launched. …

5. The role of open, distance and flexible learning in HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation for affected youth in South Africa and Mozambique

   This study provides an initial examination of the potential of open, distance and flexible learning (ODFL) to mitigate the affects of HIV and AIDS on young people, through an examination of experiences from Mozambique and South Africa. It analyses national AIDS policy and identifies major ODFL initiatives to translate this policy into practice. It explores the learning needs and favourite ways of learning of young people affected by HIV and AIDS, and suggests ways for ODFL to support and extend the work of existing infrastructures. …