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L’Enquête de Surveillance Comportementale (ESC 2012) auprès des Jeunes de 15 à 24 ans a été exécutée par l’Institut National de la Statistique. Il s’agit de la quatrième enquête par sondage du genre qui a été réalisée au niveau de 38 sites sentinelles répartis à travers les 22 régions administratives du pays. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du dispositif mis en place à Madagascar pour la surveillance des comportements à risque vis-à-vis de l’infection à VIH. …
Objectives: It is not known whether cumulative ‘cash plus care’ interventions can reduce adolescent HIV-infection risks in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated whether parental AIDS and other environmental adversities increase adolescent HIVrisk behaviour and whether social protection provision of ‘cash’ or integrated ‘cash plus care’ reduces HIV-risk behaviour. Design: A prospective observational study with random sampling (<2.5% baseline refusal, 1-year follow-up, 96.8% retention). …
The aim of this study is to assess whether the Government of Kenya’s Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (Kenya CT-OVC) can reduce the risk of HIV among young people by postponing sexual debut. The program provides an unconditional transfer of US$20 per month directly to the main caregiver in the household. An evaluation of the program was implemented in 2007–2009 in seven districts. Fourteen Locations were randomly assigned to receive the program and fourteen were assigned to a control arm. A sample of households was enrolled in the evaluation in 2007. …
Background: Effective and scalable HIV prevention for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa is needed. Cash transfers can reduce HIV incidence through reducing risk behaviours. However, questions remain about their effectiveness within national poverty-alleviation programmes, and their effects on different behaviours in boys and girls. Methods: In this case-control study, we interviewed South African adolescents (aged 10–18 years) between 2009 and 2012. …
Notions of ideal manhood in South Africa are potentially prescriptive of male sexuality thus accounting for the behaviors which may lead to men being at greater HIV risk. We tested the hypothesis that gender and relationship constructs are associated with condom use among young men living in rural South Africa. 1219 men aged 15–26 years completed a cross-sectional baseline survey from an IsiXhosa questionnaire asking about sexual behaviour and relationships. …
This paper explores the roles of acute infection and concurrent partnerships in HIV transmission dynamics among young adults in Zimbabwe using realistic representations of the partnership network and all published estimates of stage-specific infectivity. We use dynamic exponential random graph models to estimate partnership network parameters from an empirical study of sexual behavior and drive a stochastic simulation of HIV transmission through this dynamic network. …
Communication for Change (C-Change) works around the world to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of social and behavior change communication (SBCC) across program areas, including health, environment, economic growth and poverty alleviation, and democracy and governance. In Nigeria, C-Change supports health and HIV prevention objectives of the USAID Mission. The project is building SBCC capacity for country-driven interventions that aim to prevent new HIV infections, reduce HIV prevalence among high-risk groups, and stabilize HIV prevalence within the general population. …
Sexual minority youths are youths who identify themselves as gay or lesbian, bisexual, or unsure of their sexual identity or youths who have only had sexual contact with persons of the same sex or with both sexes. …
There is a substantial burden of HIV infection in adolescents in southern Africa who acquired HIV perinatally. It is evident that they contribute substantially to hospital admissions and in-hospital deaths. There is an urgent need for services that will be able to provide accessible and appropriate HIV testing, counseling, and support, as well as facilitate access to ART and appropriate sexual risk-reduction interventions. …
Aims: To test the applicability of an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour for the study of condom use intentions among large samples of young people in South Africa and Tanzania. Methods: Baseline data of a randomized controlled trial of school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programmes were used. The setting comprised secondary schools in the regions of Cape Town, Polokwane and Dar es Salaam. Participants were 15,782 secondary school students. …
This report covers strategic information related to young people aged 15-24 years. It provides an understanding of HIV prevalence; describes the use of HIV prevention services; reports on the level of HIV knowledge; and describes behaviours among young people that impact on the spread of HIV (Section 2). The report includes a review of reporting on the UNGASS indicators for young people by region, and the status of the epidemic and response among young people using strategic information from UNGASS reporting in 2010 (Section 3). …
The key objective of the survey was to ascertain adolescents HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and practice, determine their access to the media in so far as getting vital information on HIV/AIDS, and ascertain their acceptance and credibility of the information they receive. The responses were to be analyzed by differentials of age, sex and spatial variations. …
OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil de adolescentes quanto ao apoio social e familiar, ao uso de drogas e os conhecimentos, as práticas e atitudes relacionadas à Aids e sua prevenção. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 275 jovens internos, do sexo masculino, de um centro de internação da Fundação Estadual do Bem Estar do Menor (Febem), em São Paulo, SP. …
This report presents the key findings of the research that UNICEF and its project partners carried out in Ukraine during 2007 and 2008.áIt discusses and interprets the results and the overall evidence base on especially vulnerable adolescents (EVA) and most-at-risk adolescents (MARA) boys and girls in the context of the country's planning and programming needs with regard to HIV/AIDS, and in the context of current efforts to develop one national HIV/AIDS monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system. …
No Brasil, existe cerca de 31 milhões de jovens entre 16 e 24 anos, o que representa 18% da população total do país (IBGE, 2002). Destes jovens, muitos não têm acesso a informações e serviços adequados ao atendimento à sexualidade e a saúde reprodutiva que os estimulem a tomar decisões de maneira livre e responsável. A epidemia de HIV/AIDS é hoje um dos mais graves problemas de saúde pública. De 1980 a setembro de 2001 foram registrados 222.356 casos de Aids no país, destes 13% correspondem a jovens de 16 a 24 anos. …
