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Objectives: In 2001 the United Nations (UN) Declaration of Commitment was signed by 189 countries with a goal to reduce HIV prevalence among young people by 25% by 2010. Progress towards this target is assessed. In addition, changes in reported sexual behaviour among young people aged 15e24 years are investigated. Methods: Thirty countries most affected by HIV were invited to participate in the study. Trends in HIV prevalence among young antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees were analysed using data from sites that were consistently included in surveillance between 2000 and 2008. …
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR's) response to the millions of children impacted by HIV/AIDS was to designate 10% of its budget to securing their futures, making it the leading supporter of programs reaching orphan and vulnerable children (OVC) programs globally. This article describes the evolution of PEPFAR's OVC response based on programmatic lessons learned and an evergrowing understanding of the impacts of HIV/AIDS. …
Nearly half of the world's population, some 3 billion people, is under the age of 25. As the largest generation ever of young people, investments in their health and well-being are crucial so they can make a positive transition into adulthood and fully contribute to the economic and social development of their families, communities and nations. But in order to develop strategies and mobilize financial resources to support adolescent and youth development, decisionmakers need reliable, up-to-date demographic, health, education and socioeconomic data about young people. …
Background: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and HIV risk in studies of youth aged 24 years and younger. Methods: Using systematic review methodology, we identified 10 studies reporting data from 12 countries comparing orphaned and non-orphaned youth on HIV-related risk indicators, including HIV serostatus, other sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy and sexual behaviours. …
This case study examines Legal Units in Côte d'Ivoire, a network of individuals and resources that can be tapped as needed to protect the rights of children and their families. Their mission is to help resolve legal problems for OVC and their families either by mediation or prosecution, and to raise awareness about children's rights among OVC and their communities.
This report presents the results of the analysis of the orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC) Policy and Planning Effort Index (OPPEI) in sub-Saharan Africa and reviews progress made in effort since 2004. The OVC Policy and Planning Effort Index (OPPEI) was developed by UNICEF, USAID and the Futures Group to measure the response by countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to the crisis facing orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC) as a result of the HIV and AIDS epidemic. …
In 2005, an estimated 48 million children aged 0-18 years, that is to say 12 percent of all children in sub-Saharan Africa, were orphans, and that number is expected to rise to 53 million by 2010. One quarter of all orphans are orphaned because of AIDS, and about 2.6 million children are currently infected with HIV. In response to the general awareness of the increasing number of these children, a global initiative to develop national plans of action (NPAs) for these orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs), or children affected by HIV and AIDS, has been launched. …
In October, 1999, UNESCO hosted a Round Table discussion on the plight of children whose parents have died from AIDS. This brought together representatives from some of the hardest hit countries, as well as NGOs in the field. The Round Table provided a platform for dialogue and exchange. The problems faced by the orphans were discussed, and experiences shared. Recommendations and strategies for intervention were proposed.The two-day discussion revealed the difficulties faced by individuals, communities and organizations, and pointed out the efforts needed. …
The broad objective of this study is to determine the impact of HIV/AIDS on the child's well-being with a view to identifying the appropriate methods for mitigating these effects and finding objective arguments for making a case for urgent action.These objectives will be met by collecting secondary data though a review of existing documents on the subject on one part and by collecting primary data by a series of field interviews on the other hand. …
